{"id":4200,"date":"2014-08-09T15:23:22","date_gmt":"2014-08-09T10:23:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ihte.ru\/?page_id=4200"},"modified":"2014-08-09T15:48:42","modified_gmt":"2014-08-09T10:48:42","slug":"electrochemical-devices-based-on-solid-oxide-conductors","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ihte.ru\/?page_id=4200","title":{"rendered":"Electrochemical devices based on solid oxide conductors"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">At IHTE the scientific fundamentals for the following electrochemical devices have been developed:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC)<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>SOFC<\/b>\u00a0can be widely used as an independent power source for energy supply of cathode protection stations for oil- and gaslines, in military and space industry, for energy supply of buildings, farms, etc. SOFC can be operated on different kinds of natural, synthetic, and technogenic fuel.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ihte.ru\/uploads\/IMG_3354.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-1564 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/ihte.ru\/uploads\/IMG_3354-246x300.jpg\" alt=\"IMG_3354\" width=\"120\" height=\"146\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ihte.ru\/uploads\/IMG_3354-246x300.jpg 246w, https:\/\/ihte.ru\/uploads\/IMG_3354-842x1024.jpg 842w, https:\/\/ihte.ru\/uploads\/IMG_3354-250x303.jpg 250w, https:\/\/ihte.ru\/uploads\/IMG_3354.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 120px) 100vw, 120px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The SOFC prototypes of experimental developments have been studied at IHTE. According to the collaboration agreement between IHTE and \u201cGazprom Transgaz Ekaterinburg\u201d LLC the testing of experimental device ECG SOFC-100 created and produced at IHTE, by the order of \u201cTVEL\u201dOJSC, was organized and performed. While testing, the device placed in a metallic box was located outside the building; it was exposed to ambient temperature in conditions of cold climate (Ekaterinburg). During the testing 15 cycles of \u201cstart-stop\u201d were carried out, the total operating time for the ECG-SOFC was 5000 hours, the generator efficiency with electrical power of 100 Wt was not less than 25 %, gas flow was not more than 0.04 Nm<sup>3<\/sup>\/h.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The following conclusions were resumed as a result of the ECG- SOFC tests:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8212; The ECG- COFC, protected from direct atmospheric precipitations, demonstrated its efficiency in cold-temperature climate conditions;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8212;\u00a0 While testing the ECG efficiency about 5% decreased. However, the accurate comparison of valuable ECG characteristics is difficult to carry out because of climate conditions wide range;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8212;\u00a0 The \u201cstart-stop\u201d cycles do not affect the ECG- SOFC degradation;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In order to improve durability, operating lifetime and technological effectiveness the further ECG- SOFC optimization is needed.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The obtained results provided the basis for creation and development of the independent power plant experimental installation within R&amp;D \u201cDevelopment of power source based on solid oxide fuel cells with the capacity of 1.5 kWt for energy supply of gaslines objects\u201d by the order of \u201cGazpromtransgaz Ekaterinburg\u201d, and under technical and scientific support of IHTE UB RAS at \u201cElectrochemical converters plant\u201d, LLC, Novouralsk, and \u201cUralIntekh\u201d, CJSC.<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"left\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"347\">\n<p align=\"center\">Basic characteristics of ESG-SOFC-1500<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"215\">Fuel<br \/>\nOxidizer<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" width=\"132\">&#8212;\u00a0natural gas<br \/>\n&#8212; atm.air<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"215\"><span style=\"line-height: 18px;\">Electrical efficiency,\u00a0not less, %<\/span><\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" width=\"132\">&#8212; 35<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"215\">Nominal capacity (electrical), kWt<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" width=\"132\">&#8212; 1,5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"215\">\u00a0Nominal voltage, V: -direct current, -alternative current, 50 Hz<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" width=\"132\">&#8212; 24 &#8212; 220<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"215\">Overall dimensions of power unit (H\u0445D\u0445W), mm<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" width=\"132\">&#8212; 1700 \u0445 1300 \u0445 1100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"215\">Mass, not more, kg<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" width=\"132\">&#8212; 170<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"215\">Fuel consumption, Nm<sup>3<\/sup>\/h<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" width=\"132\">&#8212; 0,40 \u00b1 0,02<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ihte.ru\/uploads\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-1565 alignright\" src=\"http:\/\/ihte.ru\/uploads\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a2-245x300.jpg\" alt=\"\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a2\" width=\"216\" height=\"228\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Prospective <\/strong><strong>customers<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Developers of cathode protection for oil- and gas pipelines; enterprises working on independent electrogenerators of low and middle capacity; enterprises &#8212; developers of independent life support systems.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8212; High efficiency (overall up to 90% in the mode of cogeneration;<\/p>\n<p>&#8212; Generation of high-grade heat;<\/p>\n<p>&#8212; Modularity and simplicity of installation;<\/p>\n<p>&#8212; Gas fuel universality;<\/p>\n<p>&#8212; Minimal maintenance demand (1 time a year);<\/p>\n<p>&#8212; Lack of forming-gas delivering during heating-up;<\/p>\n<p>&#8212; Independent operating.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The installation is in high-demand in many sectors of national economy. It was demonstrated at the exhibition \u201cThe day of innovation of the RF Ministry of Defence\u201d in Moscow 21, August 2013 and awarded for achievements in the field of development and implementation of innovative technologies by Schoigu S.K., the Minister of Defense.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Solid oxide electrolyzers for producing hydrogen and oxygen (SOE)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">SOE extracts oxygen from human wastes (carbon dioxide and water vapors) that is the basis for creation of closed-circuit systems. SOE also allows obtaining highly pure hydrogen by the electrolitical decomposition of water vapor with significantly low expenses than that of low temperature electrolyzers.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Electrochemical converters for hydrogen producing <strong>(ECC)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>ECC<\/strong> is intended for pure hydrogen producing by electrochemical conversion of combustion gas under the effect of water vapor. The energy sources for the process are gas mixtures containing H<sub>2<\/sub> and CO, obtained by the conversion or gasification of nature or technogenic fuel.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Electrochemical oxygen pumps<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<dl id=\"attachment_1562\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"width: 120px;\">\n<dt class=\"wp-caption-dt\">\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/ihte.ru\/uploads\/IMG_0494.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1562 \" src=\"http:\/\/ihte.ru\/uploads\/IMG_0494-290x300.jpg\" alt=\"IMG_0494\" width=\"110\" height=\"113\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ihte.ru\/uploads\/IMG_0494-290x300.jpg 290w, https:\/\/ihte.ru\/uploads\/IMG_0494-250x258.jpg 250w, https:\/\/ihte.ru\/uploads\/IMG_0494.jpg 968w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 110px) 100vw, 110px\" \/><\/a><\/dt>\n<dd class=\"wp-caption-dd\"><span style=\"font-size: 10px;\">Oxygen pump installation<\/span><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<p>Oxygen pumps are used for:<\/p>\n<p>&#8212; extracting oxygen from air;<\/p>\n<p>&#8212; obtaining oxygen-containing mixtures;<\/p>\n<p>&#8212; gas purification from oxygen.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Electrochemical gas sensors<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"attachment_1082\" style=\"width: 129px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ihte.ru\/uploads\/tote2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1082\" class=\"wp-image-1082 \" src=\"http:\/\/ihte.ru\/uploads\/tote2-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"tote2\" width=\"129\" height=\"95\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-1082\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 10px;\">\u00a0Different types of gas sensors<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gas sensors based on solid oxide electrolytes are intended for<\/p>\n<p>gas media analysis in the lab and technological practice,<\/p>\n<p>and for ecology monitoring.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em> With the use of these devices the following measurements of content can be done:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8212; hydrogen in gas mixtures;<\/p>\n<p>&#8212; oxygen in gas mixtures;<\/p>\n<p>&#8212; in melts;<\/p>\n<p>&#8212; carbon monoxide in air;<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_1613\" style=\"width: 118px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ihte.ru\/uploads\/elhim2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1613\" class=\"wp-image-1613 \" src=\"http:\/\/ihte.ru\/uploads\/elhim2-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\u0413\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\" width=\"118\" height=\"78\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ihte.ru\/uploads\/elhim2-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ihte.ru\/uploads\/elhim2-1024x685.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/ihte.ru\/uploads\/elhim2-250x167.jpg 250w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 118px) 100vw, 118px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-1613\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oxygen gas analyzer<\/p><\/div>\n<p>-combustion gas in air (for ex., methane in coal mine air);<\/p>\n<p>-nitrogen and carbon oxides as well as hydrocarbons in combustion products, in air;<\/p>\n<p>The fuel combustion optimizer, on the base of solid electrolyte sensor, which allows economizing up to 15% of fuel in small boiler-stations and TPP was developed at IHTE.<\/p>\n<p>IHTE performs works directed on creation of sensors for highly explosive and harmful substances determination.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>At IHTE the scientific fundamentals for the following electrochemical devices have been developed: \u00a0Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) SOFC\u00a0can be widely used as an independent power source for energy supply of cathode protection stations for oil- and gaslines, in military and space industry, for energy supply of buildings, farms, etc. SOFC can be operated on &hellip; 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